Pediatric
Glossary
Plain-language explanations of the clinical terms, diagnoses, and research concepts that come up in your child's care — so you always know exactly what we're talking about.
A2-type beta-casein
A specific form of beta-casein protein found in goat milk. It differs structurally from A1-type beta-casein.
Abusive Head Trauma (AHT)
An injury to the skull or intracranial contents of an infant or young child (<5 years of age) due to inflicted blunt impact and/or violent shaking.
Alpha-S1-casein
A type of casein protein found in milk. Goat milk contains lower amounts compared to cow milk, which may influence curd formation in digestion.
Atopic dermatitis
A chronic inflammatory skin condition, commonly called eczema.
Beta-lactoglobulin
A whey protein found in animal milk and a major allergen in cow milk.
Casein
A family of milk proteins that coagulate in the stomach to form curds during digestion.
Cow milk protein allergy (CMPA)
An immune-mediated allergic reaction to proteins in cow milk.
Cross-reactivity
An immune response in which antibodies react to similar proteins from different sources.
Double-blind study
A clinical trial design in which neither participants nor researchers know which intervention is being administered.
Electrolyte imbalance
An abnormal level of minerals such as sodium or potassium in the body.
GIraFFE Study (Goat Infant Formula Feeding and Eczema Study)
A large randomized controlled trial investigating goat milk formula’s impact on growth and eczema risk.
Randomized controlled trial (RCT)
A study design where participants are randomly assigned to treatment groups to reduce bias.
Whey protein
The liquid component of milk containing proteins such as beta-lactoglobulin.
Whole goat milk formula
Infant formula derived from whole goat milk and fortified to meet established nutritional standards.
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